Installing Developer Release 8.2 of the BeOS for Power Macintosh Computers Contents What You Need What kind of Power Macintosh¨ and other hardware you need to run the BeOSª. Installing the BeOS How to install the BeOS. Read this to succeed! Using the BeOS How to boot the BeOS, get started using it, and where to learn more. Release Notes A few ÒgotchasÓ and some differences from the BeBoxª version of the BeOS. About DR8.2 of the BeOS for Power Macintosh Details about the contents of the BeOS CD-ROM. Installing the Macintosh Development Environment How to set up Macintosh CodeWarriorª to develop Beª applications. Extra Credit: Creating a BeOS Partition on a MacOS Disk If youÕre brave and have the right tools, you donÕt need a separate BeOS disk. Because youÕll need to refer to this document while installing the BeOS, you'll probably find it easiest to use if you print it. This free, single-processor version of Developer Release 8.2 of the BeOS expires on April 1, 1997. Visit the Be Web site (http://www.be.com) to learn how to purchase an unlimited version and versions that can take advantage of more than one processor. What You Need To install and run the BeOS, you need: ¥ A Power Computing PowerCenterª, PowerTowerª, PowerTower Pro, or PowerWaveª computer; a UMAXª SuperMac¨ S900ª computer; or an Apple¨ Power Macintosh 7600, 8500, or 9500 computer. For a more detailed list of computers supported by current and future versions of the BeOS, see the Be Web site: http://www.be.com. Important: This list is provided for informational purposes only. Support for any particular hardware platform may change without notice. Be cannot be held responsible for the use of this information, or the appropriateness of any purchase decision based on this information. ¥ At least 8 MB of RAM (though 16 MB or more RAM is recommended). ¥ A standard Apple Desktop Busª (ADB) keyboard. Though you can work with smaller keyboards, you'll find that some tasks in the BeOS are easier with a PC-style keyboard (with function keys and an Escape key). ¥ A standard ADB mouse. If you have a one-button mouse, you can emulate the three-button mouse used throughout the BeOS, as described in the BeOS UserÕs Guide. However, you may find it more convenient to use a three-button mouse. You can use any multiple-button mouse that conforms to the Apple guidelines for multiple-button mice (we've tested multiple-button mice from Kensington; mice from other manufacturers may not work correctly). ¥ A 150 MB or larger SCSI hard disk for use exclusively with the BeOS (that is, a hard disk in addition to the one you use to run the MacOSª). Note: If youÕre brave and have the right tools, you create a partition on a MacOS disk and install the BeOS on it, so you donÕt need two disks. See ÒExtra Credit: Creating a BeOS Partition on a MacOS Disk,Ó later in this document. ¥ A SCSI CD-ROM drive. You can use virtually any model of CD-ROM drive to install the BeOS. However, to take advantage of some of the advanced features of the CDPlayer application, you need a Toshiba model 3401, 3601, or 3701 CD-ROM drive. ¥ You can use the Macintosh's on-board Ethernet connector or a DEC 21040 or 21041 PCI network adapter to connect to an Ethernet network. ¥ The BeOS supports the graphics circuitry on the motherboard or bundled as a PCI card with the supported Macintosh and compatible computers. Follow the instructions that came with your Macintosh computer to set it up, connect the SCSI CD-ROM drive and hard disk, ATI or IMS graphics card (if the computer doesn't have on-board graphics), display, network, and other devices, and if necessary, install the MacOS. Installing the BeOS 1. Back up the MacOS disk. Be smart! If you have files on the MacOS disk you canÕt afford to lose, back them up before installing the BeOS, as you should do before installing any new software. 2. Start the MacOS and insert the BeOS CD-ROM. Note: You may be asked to eject this CD when you insert it in the drive. Curiously, if you click Eject the MacOS will mount the CD anyway. 3. Open the BeOS CD-ROM icon (if itÕs not already open) and double-click the installation script named Prepare Mac for the BeOS. This script installs a folder named BeOS Mac Tools on the Mac hard disk. It also installs a system file named OS Chooser (in the Extensions folder in the System folder), which letÕs you choose whether you want to start the BeOS or the MacOS each time you start the Macintosh. Note: If youÕre planning to create a partition on the MacOS for the BeOS, rather than installing the BeOS onto a separate disk, follow the instructions in ÒExtra Credit: Creating a BeOS Partition on a MacOS Disk,Ó later in this document. When youÕve created the BeOS partition, continue with these instructions. 4. Open the copy of the BeOS Mac Tools folder that's on the Macintosh hard disk and double-click the BeOS Launcher application. After a moment, the Be Installer application opens. 5. If youÕre installing the BeOS on a separate disk, choose Initialize from the left pop-up menu in the Installer window, and choose the disk you want to install the BeOS on from the right pop-up menu. Then click Begin. If a disk was previously initialized for use with the BeOS, it appears by name in the right pop-up menu. If a disk hasn't been initialized, it appears in the pop-up menu by its device name, "SCSI Bus x, Disk ID n", that is, the SCSI drive connected to SCSI bus x , set to SCSI ID number n. (typically, the bus on the Macintosh motherboard for internal drives is bus 0; some Macintoshes have a second busÑbus 1Ñfor external drives). Warning: If youÕre installing the BeOS on a partition on the MacOS disk, donÕt format the disk. If you format the disk, youÕll lose the contents of the MacOS partition! For more information, see ÒInstallerÓ in Chapter 3 of the BeOS UserÕs Guide. 6. Choose Install from the left pop-up menu in the Installer window, and choose the disk you want to install the BeOS on from the right pop-up menu. Then click Begin. If you just initialized a disk, it's named "NewDisk" in the pop-up menu. If you created a partition, itÕs named ÒNewPartition.Ó The BeOS is installed on the hard disk or partition. The Installer installs everything from the BeOS CD-ROM onto the hard disk except the contents of the /optional folder (which is described in ÒAbout DR8.2 of the BeOS,Ó later in this document). When the installation process is complete, a panel asks if you want to restart the computer and warns you to remove the CD from the drive. 7. Click Restart. The CD-ROM is ejected and the computer restarts. Important: If you donÕt remove the CD from the drive, youÕll boot from the CD and start the Installer all over again the next when you start the BeOS, rather than booting from the disk you just installed the BeOS on. When the Macintosh restarts, the OS Chooser dialog appears, shortly after the Welcome to Macintosh dialog box appears. You can use OS Chooser to choose the OS you want to boot: the BeOS or the MacOS, as described in the next section. Using the BeOS Once youÕve installed the BeOS, you can start using it: Make sure the BeOS CD-ROM isnÕt inserted in the CD-ROM drive (if it is, the BeOS tries to boot from it rather than from the hard disk). Then double-click the BeOS Launcher application, in the BeOS Mac Tools folder you installed on the Macintosh hard disk. If you have more than one Be disk connected to the Macintosh, you can hold down the Option key immediately after double-clicking BeOS Launcher to open the BeOS boot selection screen. The boot selection screen is pretty much self-explanatory, but you can get detailed information Chapter 1 of the BeOS UserÕs Guide. YouÕll probably be able to figure out how to do a lot of things in the BeOS on your own, but when you have questions, see the BeOS UserÕs Guide. The BeOS UserÕs Guide is included HTML format (the format used for documents on the World Wide Web) in the /documentation/BeOS UserÕs Guide/HTML folder. To read the BeOS UserÕs Guide, double-click the Be Web browser, NetPositive (in the /apps folder) and click the link for the BeOS UserÕs Guide. A copy of the BeOS UserÕs Guide is also included in Adobe Acrobat format in the Macintosh portion of the BeOS CD-ROM: ItÕs called BeOS UserÕs Guide.pdf and itÕs in the Documentation/BeOS UserÕs Guide/Acrobat folder in the BeOS Files for Macintosh folder. If you donÕt have the Acrobat software for reading and printing Acrobat files, you can download a copy for free from the Adobe Web site (http://www.adobe.com). When you ran the Prepare Mac for the BeOS installation script, it installed a system extension file, named OS Chooser, in the Extensions folder in the Macintosh System folder. When OS Chooser is installed, a dialog box appears each time you start the Macintosh, where you can click the OS you want to boot: The BeOS or the MacOS. If you donÕt click either OS, the OS you were running when you last shut down the Macintosh boots after a few seconds. If you donÕt like this feature, simply remove OS Chooser from the Extensions folder. You can use the BeOS File System Tool application (in the For the Brave folder in the BeOS Mac Tools folder, which the Prepare Mac for the BeOS script installed on the Mac hard disk) to move files back and forth between the Macintosh hard disk and the Be hard disk and to perform a few other tasks. Double-click the BeOS File System Tool, type help, and press Return to learn more about this primitive tool, which is also documented in Appendix B in the BeOS UserÕs Guide. Release Notes This section lists some known bugs in DR8.2 of the BeOS for Power Macintosh and a few differences between the Power Macintosh version of DR8.2 and the BeBox version. For a more exhaustive list, including release notes for developers, use NetPositive in the BeOS to read /documentation/Mac DR8.2 Release Notes.html. ¥ The BeOS is not yet able to use the Macintosh floppy disk drive. ¥ The BeOS doesn't yet support serial communications on the Macintosh, so the Connect application (which is used to communicate through the serial ports) isn't included. For this reason, you also can't set up a PPP network connection with the Network preferences application. You can connect a terminal to the Modem port for debugging the BeOS and the applications you create, as described in Appendix C, ÒTroubleshooting,Ó in the BeOS UserÕs Guide. If you do use the Modem port for debugging, donÕt connect a modem to the Modem port: The debugging messages tend to deeply confuse a modem. ¥ You canÕt use a joystick with this version of the BeOS for Power Macintosh. ¥ The Sound preferences application is designed for the BeBox. Because of differences in hardware, only parts of it work on a Macintosh. The inoperable controls include: Line In Input Source CD Output Mix Line In Output Mix Gain Loopback volume control (but the Loopback Mute control works) Speaker On the BeBox, you can play an audio CD in two ways: By regulating the CD Output Mix and adjusting the Master and Speaker controls, or by selecting CD as the Input Source and adjusting the Gain, Loopback, DAC, Master, and Speaker controls. The first method doesnÕt work on a Macintosh. The second method does work on a Macintosh, except that you canÕt adjust the Gain, Loopback, or Speaker. ¥ The Boot preferences application isn't included, because it doesn't yet know how to set the boot preference on a Macintosh. ¥ The MIDI application isn't included, because it doesn't yet know how to communicate with a MIDI synthesizer connected to a Macintosh. However, a MIDI software synthesizer is expected soon, at which time it and the MIDI application will be made available on the Be Web site, so you can download it and play MIDI files. ¥ The graphics circuitry built into PCI cards and Power Macintosh and compatible computers changes every month. If for some reason the BeOS canÕt use the full capacity of a particular version of graphics circuitry, the BeOS will usually be able to use the circuitry in a basic mode: 8-bit color, no graphics acceleration, and no hardware cursor. When this is the case, you canÕt use the Screen preferences application to change these and other screen settings. ¥ You canÕt install or run the BeOS on a Macintosh that has an Apple PC Compatibility Card installed. For information on removing the PC Compatibility Card, see the PC Compatibility Card UserÕs Manual. ¥ The BeOS doesnÕt run reliably on IBM Ultrastar ES, model DORS 32160, hard disks. While youÕll probably have no problems installing and running the BeOS on one of these disks, certain operations can cause the hard disk to freeze up. If this happens, you have to turn the computer off and on to continue using the disk with either the BeOS or the MacOS (pressing the Reset switch isnÕt sufficient). ¥ If you accidentally end up with Screen preferences settings that render the screen unreadable, and you have a keyboard without function keys (so you canÕt press Command-Control-Shift-F12, using the modifier keys on the left side of the keyboard, to force the BeOS to revert to default screen settings), hold down the Command, Control, and Shift keys on the left side of the keyboard while you press the Enter key on the numeric keypad. About DR8.2 of the BeOS for Power Macintosh Everything in DR8.2 of the BeOS is contained in six folders: /apps Applications with a window-based user interfaceÑincluding the Installer, Terminal, Edit, IconWorld, and others. These applications are described in alphabetical order in the chapter, ÒUsing Be Applications,Ó in the BeOS UserÕs Guide. /bin Programs that donÕt bring up windows, like ls, tar, and df, which you use in the Terminal application and in shell scripts. Documentation for many of these programs is included in the /documentation/Shell Tools folder. /develop The Be development environment, including BeIDE (the CodeWarrior Integrated Development Environment for the BeOS), Be headers and libraries, and a number of sample applications. The contents of this folder are described in detail in ÒAbout the Development Environment on the BeOSÓ in the BeOS UserÕs Guide. /documentation The HTML edition of The Be Book, the reference to the Be API; HTML editions of the documentation (Òman pagesÓ) for the GNU shell tools; and the HTML edition of CodeWarrior Documents for Be, the Metrowerks documentation for BeIDE and the command-line tools. See the description of the /optional folder on the BeOS CD-ROM, below, for more information about these documents. /preferences Applications you use to configure the BeOS to work on a network, to change the screen resolution, and to set other preferences. These applications are described in alphabetical order in the chapter, ÒCustomizing the BeOS,Ó in the BeOS UserÕs Guide. /system The servers, the Browser, fonts, the Bootscript file thatÕs run at startup, and other system software. In addition, youÕll see an empty /tmp folder, which is created at startup and is used by the Be shell. In addition to the six folders described above, the BeOS CD-ROM contains a seventh folder, /optional, with over 350 MB of information, tools, and applications. You can mount the CD-ROM and copy what you want from the /optional folder onto the BeOS hard disk (see ÒMounting a DiskÓ and ÒMoving and Copying ItemsÓ in the BeOS UserÕs Guide to learn how). The folders in the /optional folder are: AppSketcher The AppSketcher application, its documentation, and related files. AppSketcher is a tool for building a graphical user interface for an application by placing objects in a window on the screen. You can also use it to connect, or Òlink,Ó control objects to target functions, and to initialize the values of the data members in your own classes. gnu Sources for the GNU tools in /bin. goodies Area codes, zip codes, a dictionary, a thesaurus, and more. images Images in TIFF and Be image file formats, which you can open in the ImageViewer application. See ÒImageViewerÓ in the BeOS UserÕs Guide. movies QuickTime movies you can play with NetPositive (which is described in the BeOS UserÕs Guide). Also movies in the ÒrawÓ Be format and the raw movie player, VideoPlayer. sounds Sounds, including complete tracks from a selection of Thomas Dolby albums. Double-click them to listen to them with the PlaySound application, as described in the BeOS UserÕs Guide. Sample Code A number of sample applications with sources, from the Be Web site. _optional_install_ Simply tells the Installer not to install the /optional folder. Installing the Macintosh Development Environment The BeOS comes with BeIDE (the Be Integrated Development Environment, MetrowerksÕ version of CodeWarrior for the BeOS) and other tools you can use to develop Be applications in the BeOS. However, you can also develop Be applications using the MacOS version of CodeWarrior. To set up a Macintosh so you can develop applications for the BeOS, you need to install Metrowerks CodeWarrior 9 for the PowerPC. You also need to install some files from the Macintosh portion of the BeOS CD-ROM. Note: The Metrowerks cross-debugger is included on the Macintosh portion of the BeOS CD-ROM. You can use this tool in the MacOS running on one Macintosh in conjunction with a ÒnubÓ in the BeOS running on another Macintosh or a BeBox to run and debug a BeOS application. Setting up this tool is tricky. If you want to use it, contact Be Developer Support for instructions: DevSupport@be.com. Installing CodeWarrior 9 The CodeWarrior 9 Tools CD-ROM comes with development software for the BeOS. Note: These instructions assume youÕre installing CodeWarrior 9 Gold. If youÕre installing another version of CodeWarrior 9, youÕll have to interpolate slightly as you follow these steps. 1. Insert the CodeWarrior 9 Tools CD-ROM in the CD-ROM drive. 2. Double-click the CW9 Gold Tools CD-ROM icon. 3. Double-click CW9 Tools Installer. 4. Click Continue in the banner dialog box and again in the Release Notes dialog box. A dialog box lists CodeWarrior installation options. 5. Click the right-pointing arrow next to CodeWarrior Heaven. Then check Be Heaven. 6. Use the Switch Disk button and the pop-up list above it to select the folder where you want to install the CodeWarrior software. 7. Click Install. 8. Click Continue in the dialog box that warns you should restart the Macintosh after installing CodeWarrior. Any other running applications are quit. A dialog box keeps you informed on the progress of the installation. 9. Click Restart in the dialog box that tells you the installation was successful. The Macintosh restarts, and youÕre ready to install the DR8 versions of some of the Be development software from the BeOS CD-ROM, as described in the next section. Installing the DR8.2 BeOS Files The BeOS for Power Mac CD-ROM contains DR8.2 versions of headers and libraries that replace similar files that come with CodeWarrior 9. 1. While running the MacOS, insert the BeOS CD-ROM and open the BeOS Files for Macintosh folder. 2. Open the Metrowerks CodeWarrior folder (itÕs in the CW9 Gold folder if you used the suggested folder names when you installed CodeWarrior 9). 3. Drag the Headers and Libraries folders from the BeOS Files for Macintosh folder to the BeOS Support folder in the Metrowerks CodeWarrior folder. Then click OK in the panel that warns you items with the same names will be replaced. YouÕre now ready to develop Be applications on the Macintosh, as described in the chapter, ÒDeveloping Be Applications,Ó in the BeOS UserÕs Guide. Extra Credit: Creating a BeOS Partition on a MacOS Disk. If you have the right tools, you can create a BeOS partition on a MacOS disk and install the BeOS on the partition. This way you donÕt need a separate hard disk just for the BeOS. 1. Back up the MacOS hard disk. Be smart! If you have files on the MacOS disk you canÕt afford to lose, back them up before partitioning it! 2. Defragment the MacOS disk. There are a number of disk utilities that can defragment a disk. WeÕve tested the Norton Utilities for the Macintosh. 3. Reduce the size of the MacOS partition by at least 150 MB, and create a new, 150 MB or larger partition on the MacOS disk. Again, there are a number of utilities you can use to partition a disk. WeÕve tested FWBÕs Hard Disk ToolKit, which comes with many Macintosh compatible computers. The BeOS can only access a single BeOS partition on a disk, so thereÕs no point in creating more than one. 4. Double-click the BeOS Partition Tool (in the For the Brave folder in the BeOS Mac Tools folder on the Mac hard disk) and in the window that opens, click Partitioning. 5. Click the ÒApple_HFSÓ partition you created in step 3 and click Convert. In the panel that opens, make sure ÒBeOSÓ is entered in the ÒTo:Ó field and click OK. You now have a BeOS partition on the MacOS disk, onto which you can install the BeOS, as described in ÒInstalling the BeOS,Ó earlier in this document. Note: The BeOS will initialize the new partition and name it ÒNewPartitionÓ the first time you boot the BeOS. Copyright 1996 Be, Inc. All rights reserved. Be, the Be logo, BeBox, BeOS, GeekPort, and BeWare are trademarks of Be, Inc. Apple and Macintosh are registered trademarks and Apple Desktop Bus, Mac, MacOS, QuickTime, and TrueType are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Agfa, USFT, and the Agfa Rhombus are registered trademarks of Agfa Division, Bayer Corporation. PowerPC is a trademark of International Business Machines. Metrowerks is a registered trademark and CodeWarrior is a trademark of Metrowerks, Inc. Arial, Monotype, Monotype Baskerville, and Times New Roman are trademarks of Monotype Typography Ltd. registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Offices and certain other jurisdictions. PowerCenter, PowerTower, and PowerWave are trademarks of Power Computing Corporation. UMAX, the UMAX logo, and SuperMac S900 are trademarks of UMAX Computer Corporation. SuperMac is a registered trademark of Radius Inc., used under license by UMAX Computer Corporation. All other trademarks mentioned belong to their respective owners. Be, Inc. 800 El Camino Real Suite 300 Menlo Park, CA 94025 http://www.be.com December 1996 BEI-001.001-120596